Posts from July 2015
Juniper
Linux deprecated ifconfig commands in CentOS 7
Linux ifconfig commands are being deprecated. Here is a quick overview.
Deprecated command |
Replacement command(s) |
|---|---|
| arp | ip n (ip neighbor) |
| ifconfig | ip a (ip addr), ip link, ip -s (ip -stats) |
| iptunnel | ip tunnel |
| iwconfig | iw |
| nameif | ip link, ifrename |
| netstat | ss, ip route (for netstat-r), ip -s link (for netstat -i), ip maddr (for netstat-g) |
| route | ip r (ip route) |
Administrative Distances
If you plan on migrating routing protocols or have multiple routing protocols it’s important to note the administrative distance values so you are aware of which route preferences will be based on the protocol.
You can change the preferences of protocols by changing the values to a lower value.
Remember: The lower the number, the higher the routing preference (IE: OSPF with a value of 110 will be preferred over RIP with a value of 120).
The table below compares Cisco and Juniper Distance values below to show vendor similarities:
|
Route Source |
Cisco Default Distance Values |
Juniper Default Distance Values |
| Connected interface | 0 | 0 |
| Static route | 1 | 1 |
| Internal Access Route | N/A | 2 |
| Access Route | N/A | 3 |
| Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) summary route | 5 | N/A |
| External Border Gateway Protocol (eBGP) | 20 | 20 |
| Internal EIGRP | 90 | N/A |
| IGRP | 100 | N/A |
| OSPF | 110 | 110 |
| Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS) | 115 | 115 |
| Routing Information Protocol (RIP) | 120 | 120 |
| Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP) | 140 | N/A |
| On Demand Routing (ODR) | 160 | N/A |
| External EIGRP | 170 | N/A |
| Internal BGP (iBGP) | 200 | 200 |
| Unknown* | 255 | 255 |
Routing
General Network
SONET Payload Overhead Sheet
When working with SONET you must always remember that the bandwidth you think you will receive (Line Rate) is actually not the bandwidth you will be able to push through (Payload Bandwidth) due to overhead in the signaling protocol. Below is a table I made that describes throughput rates:
|
SONET/SDH Designations and bandwidths |
||||||
| SONET Optical Carrier level | SONET frame format | SDH level and frame format | Line Rate | Overhead | Payload Bandwidth | |
| OC-1 | STS-1 | STM-0 |
51.840 Mbps |
1.728 Mbps |
50.112 Mbps |
|
| OC-3 | STS-3 | STM-1 |
155.520 Mbps |
6.912 Mbps |
148.608 Mbps |
|
| OC-12 | STS-12 | STM-4 |
622.080 Mbps |
20.736 Mbps |
601.344 Mbps |
|
| OC-24 | STS-24 | – |
1.244160 Gbps |
41.472 Mbps |
1.202208 Gbps |
|
| OC-48 | STS-48 | STM-16 |
2.488320 Gbps |
82.944 Mbps |
2.405376 Gbps |
|
| OC-192 | STS-192 | STM-64 |
9.953280 Gbps |
442.368 Mbps |
9.510912 Gbps |
|
| OC-768 | STS-768 | STM-256 |
39.813120 Gbps |
1.327104 Gbps |
38.486016 Gbps |
|